{"id":1646,"date":"2022-11-30T12:17:32","date_gmt":"2022-11-30T09:17:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kokvekok.com\/?p=1646"},"modified":"2022-11-30T12:19:13","modified_gmt":"2022-11-30T09:19:13","slug":"icra-takibinde-borclunun-taahhudu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kokvekok.com\/en\/icra-takibinde-borclunun-taahhudu\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130cra Takibinde Bor\u00e7lunun Taahh\u00fcd\u00fc"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Giri\u015f<\/b><\/p>

Bilindi\u011fi \u00fczere icra takibinde bor\u00e7lunun taahh\u00fcd\u00fc \u0130cra \u0130flas Kanunu\u2019nun Taksitle \u00d6deme ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 111.maddesinde \u201cBor\u00e7lu alacakl\u0131n\u0131n sat\u0131\u015f talebinden evvel borcunu muntazam taksitlerle \u00f6deme\u011fi taahh\u00fct eder ve birinci taksiti de derhal verirse icra muamelesi durur. \u015eu kadar ki bor\u00e7lunun kafi miktar mal\u0131 haczedilmi\u015f bulunmas\u0131 ve her taksitin borcun d\u00f6rtte biri miktar\u0131ndan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 olmamas\u0131 ve nihayet aydan aya verilmesi ve m\u00fcddetin \u00fc\u00e7 aydan fazla olmamas\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r.<\/i>\u201d \u015feklinde d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Bu kapsamda kesinle\u015fmi\u015f icra takibine ili\u015fkin bor\u00e7lunun hacizden \u00f6nce ve hacizden sonra \u00f6deme taahh\u00fcd\u00fcnde bulunmas\u0131 ayr\u0131 \u015fartlara tabi tutulmu\u015f olup, t\u00fcm bu hususlar a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da detayl\u0131 \u015fekilde ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>

Hacizden \u00d6nce Borcun Taksitle \u00d6denmesi<\/b><\/p>

Hacizden \u00f6nce borcun taksitle \u00f6denmesi Kanunda a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f olmamakla birlikte, bu husus \u0130cra \u0130flas Kanunu\u2019nun 78. ve 340. Maddeleri lafz\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu vesileyle s\u00f6z konusu taksit s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi \u0130\u0130K madde 111 ba\u011flam\u0131nda haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f olmayaca\u011f\u0131ndan bu maddedeki \u015fartlara uyulmas\u0131 gerekmeyecektir.<\/p>

\u00d6ncelikle bir taksit s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bahsedilebilmesi i\u00e7in para alaca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin kesinle\u015fmi\u015f bir icra takibi bulunmal\u0131d\u0131r. S\u00f6zle\u015fme; icra memuru huzurunda haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131 ve taksit miktarlar\u0131, taksit say\u0131s\u0131, \u00f6deme tarihleri, faiz miktar\u0131\u00a0<\/a>gibi \u00f6deme taahh\u00fcd\u00fcne ili\u015fkin somut bilgileri ihtiva etmelidir. \u00d6deme taahh\u00fcd\u00fcne ili\u015fkin t\u00fcm bu noktalar\u0131n somutla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 halinde ise bor\u00e7lunun taahh\u00fctlerini ihlal etmesi durumunda alacakl\u0131 \u015fikayette bulunsa dahi bir sonu\u00e7 elde edemeyecektir.<\/i><\/p>

Buna ek olarak hacizden \u00f6nce taksitle \u00f6deme s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi yap\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in alacakl\u0131 ve bor\u00e7lunun anla\u015fm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 bir \u00f6n \u015fart mahiyetinde olup, di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle bor\u00e7lunun alacakl\u0131n\u0131n r\u0131zas\u0131 olmaks\u0131z\u0131n \u00f6deme taahh\u00fcd\u00fcnde bulunabilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Taraflar taksitle \u00f6deme s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin i\u00e7eri\u011fini diledikleri gibi d\u00fczenleme yetkisine sahiptir. Anla\u015fmaya uygun \u015fekilde taksitler \u00f6dendi\u011fi s\u00fcrece icra takibine devam edilemez, haciz isteme s\u00fcreleri i\u015flemez ve haciz istenemez. Ancak s\u00f6zle\u015fme veya s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerin toplam s\u00fcresinin on y\u0131l\u0131 ge\u00e7mesi halinde a\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihlerden itibaren s\u00fcreler kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerden i\u015flemeye ba\u015flayacakt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca alacakl\u0131, bor\u00e7lunun bu taksit s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine uymamas\u0131 halinde \u0130\u0130K madde 340 uyar\u0131nca cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 talep edebilecektir.<\/p>

Hacizden Sonra Taksitle \u00d6deme<\/b><\/p>

Hacizden sonra taksitle \u00f6deme s\u00f6zle\u015fmesine ili\u015fkin olarak \u0130cra \u0130flas Kanunu\u2019nun 111. Maddesi uyar\u0131nca bor\u00e7lunun taksitle \u00f6deme taahh\u00fcd\u00fcnde bulunabilmesi i\u00e7in alacakl\u0131n\u0131n onay\u0131 gerekli de\u011fildir. Bor\u00e7lunun yeteri kadar mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 haczedilmi\u015f olmal\u0131 ve bor\u00e7lu alacakl\u0131n\u0131n sat\u0131\u015f talebinden \u00f6nce borcun taksitle \u00f6denmesini taahh\u00fct etmi\u015f olmal\u0131d\u0131r. S\u00f6zle\u015fme kapsam\u0131nda her taksit miktar\u0131 borcun d\u00f6rtte birinden a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 olmamal\u0131 ve ilk taksit pe\u015fin \u00f6denmelidir. Kalan taksitlerin ise aydan aya \u00f6denmek ko\u015fulu ile en fazla \u00fc\u00e7 ay i\u00e7inde bitirilmesi gereklidir. Bu kapsamda her ne kadar hacizden sonra taksitle \u00f6deme i\u00e7in alacakl\u0131n\u0131n onay\u0131n\u0131n gerekmedi\u011fi belirtilmi\u015fse de bor\u00e7lunun taahh\u00fcd\u00fc \u0130cra \u0130flas Kanunu\u2019nun 111. Maddesinin d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yorsa bu durumda alacakl\u0131n\u0131n onay\u0131 gerekli olacakt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca hacizden sonra ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilecek taksitlendirme anla\u015fmas\u0131 sadece mallar\u0131n\u0131n sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 engellemekte olup, mallar \u00fczerindeki hacizlerin kalkmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>

\u0130cra Taahh\u00fcd\u00fcn\u00fc \u0130hlal Su\u00e7u<\/b><\/p>

Bilindi\u011fi \u00fczere icra taahh\u00fcd\u00fcn\u00fc ihlal su\u00e7una ili\u015fkin olarak \u0130cra \u0130flas Kanunu\u2019nun 344. Maddesi, \u201c111 inci madde mucibince veya alacakl\u0131n\u0131n muvafakati ile icra dairesinde kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan borcu \u00f6deme \u015fart\u0131n\u0131, makbul bir sebep olmaks\u0131z\u0131n ihlal eden bor\u00e7lunun, alacakl\u0131n\u0131n \u015fik\u00e2yeti \u00fczerine, \u00fc\u00e7 aya kadar tazyik hapsine karar verilir. Hapsin tatbikine ba\u015fland\u0131ktan sonra bor\u00e7lu borcun tamam\u0131n\u0131 veya o tarihe kadar icra veznesine yat\u0131rmak zorunda oldu\u011fu mebla\u011f\u0131 \u00f6derse tahliye edilir; \u00f6demelerini tekrar keserse, hakk\u0131nda tazyik hapsine yeniden karar verilir. Ancak, bir bor\u00e7tan dolay\u0131 tazyik hapsinin s\u00fcresi \u00fc\u00e7 ay\u0131 ge\u00e7emez.\u201d <\/i>h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fc havidir.<\/p>

Bu kapsamda yukar\u0131da ifade etti\u011fimiz \u00fczere bor\u00e7lu, aleyhine ba\u015flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f icra takibine ili\u015fkin olarak takibin belirli a\u015famalar\u0131nda, belirli \u015fartlara tabi \u015fekilde \u00f6deme taahh\u00fcd\u00fcnde bulunabilmektedir. Ancak kimi zaman bor\u00e7lu taahh\u00fcd\u00fcne uymamakta ve bu husus taahh\u00fcd\u00fc ihlal su\u00e7una v\u00fccut vermektedir.<\/p>

\u015e\u00f6yle ki taahh\u00fcd\u00fc ihlal su\u00e7unun olu\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in alacakl\u0131 ve bor\u00e7lu aras\u0131nda yaz\u0131l\u0131, \u015farta ve ko\u015fula ba\u011fl\u0131 olmayan bir taksit s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi bulunmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin icra takibi ba\u011flam\u0131nda haciz uygulanmadan \u00f6nce veya haciz uyguland\u0131ktan sonra imzalanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemi olmay\u0131p, bor\u00e7lunun s\u00f6zle\u015fmede yer alan somut \u00f6deme ko\u015fullar\u0131na hakl\u0131 bir neden olmaks\u0131z\u0131n uygun davranmamas\u0131 yeterlidir. Bu ba\u011flamda a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r ki bor\u00e7lunun hakl\u0131 bir sebep nedeniyle \u00f6deme taahh\u00fcd\u00fcne uygun davranmamas\u0131 halinde icra taahh\u00fcd\u00fcn\u00fc ihlal su\u00e7unun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bahsetmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>

Buna ek olarak yukar\u0131da ifade etti\u011fimiz \u00fczere alacakl\u0131n\u0131n, bor\u00e7lunun taahh\u00fcd\u00fcn\u00fc ihlal etti\u011fine ili\u015fkin \u0130\u0130K madde 344\u2019e dayanabilmesi i\u00e7in bor\u00e7lu taraf\u0131ndan verilmi\u015f ge\u00e7erli somut bir taahh\u00fct bulunmal\u0131d\u0131r. Di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle taksit s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde taksit miktarlar\u0131, taksit say\u0131s\u0131, \u00f6deme tarihleri, faiz miktar\u0131, vekalet \u00fccreti, icra har\u00e7 ve giderleri belirlenmeli ve b\u00f6ylece bor\u00e7lunun taahh\u00fcd\u00fcne esas olan miktar net olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu husus Yarg\u0131tay Ceza Genel Kurulu Karar\u0131 ile de sabit olup, s\u00f6z konusu karara a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da yer verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>

Ceza Genel Kurulu Esas No: 2001\/8-19 Karar No: 2001\/26 Karar Tarihi: 20.02.2001<\/b><\/p>

\u201c\u2026Taahh\u00fcd\u00fc ihlal su\u00e7unun olu\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in \u00f6denecek toplam miktar\u0131n rakamsal olarak belirlenmesi, taraflar\u0131n belirlenen bu miktar \u00fczerinde icap ve kabulde bulunmas\u0131 zorunludur. Ceza sorumlulu\u011funun do\u011fabilmesi i\u00e7in taahh\u00fct esnas\u0131nda \u00f6denecek miktar\u0131n hi\u00e7bir ku\u015fkuya yer vermeksizin belirlenmesinde zorunluluk bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu miktar belirlenmedi\u011finde hangi miktar i\u00e7in taahh\u00fctte bulunuldu\u011fu, kabul\u00fcnde hangi miktar nazara al\u0131narak yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 saptanamayaca\u011f\u0131ndan, \u00f6deme ko\u015fulunun ihlali halinde cezai sorumluluk do\u011fmayacakt\u0131r\u2026\u201d<\/i><\/p>

Su\u00e7a ili\u015fkin h\u00fckm\u00fcn lafz\u0131ndan anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere taahh\u00fcd\u00fc ihlal su\u00e7u; \u015fikayete ba\u011fl\u0131 bir su\u00e7 olup, bor\u00e7lunun cezas\u0131n\u0131n ertelenmesi veya se\u00e7enekli yapt\u0131r\u0131mlara \u00e7evrilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.\u00a0 Alacakl\u0131n\u0131n \u015fikayet s\u00fcresine ili\u015fkin olarak ise \u0130\u0130K madde 347, \u201cBu Bapta yer alan fiillerden dolay\u0131 \u015fik\u00e2yet hakk\u0131, fiilin \u00f6\u011frenildi\u011fi tarihten itibaren \u00fc\u00e7 ay ve her halde fiilin i\u015flendi\u011fi tarihten itibaren bir y\u0131l ge\u00e7mekle d\u00fc\u015fer.\u201d <\/i>h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fc havi olup, alacakl\u0131n\u0131n taahh\u00fcd\u00fcn ihlal edilmesini \u00f6\u011frenmesinden itibaren \u00fc\u00e7 ay herhalde bir y\u0131l i\u00e7inde dava a\u00e7mas\u0131 gereklidir. Buna ek olarak \u0130\u0130K\u2019nin 354. Maddesi, \u201cKanunun bu bab\u0131nda yaz\u0131l\u0131 su\u00e7lardan takibi \u015fikayete ba\u011fl\u0131 olanlar\u0131n m\u00fc\u015ftekisi feragat eder veya borcun itfa edildi\u011fi sabit olursa dava ve b\u00fct\u00fcn neticeleriyle beraber ceza d\u00fc\u015fer\u201d <\/i>h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fc havi olup, h\u00fck\u00fcmden g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere <\/i>s\u00f6z konusu su\u00e7 takip hukuktan kaynakl\u0131 \u015fikayete tabi bir su\u00e7 oldu\u011fundan bor\u00e7lunun borcunu \u00f6demesi veya alacakl\u0131n\u0131n feragat etmesi halinde bor\u00e7lu hakk\u0131ndaki cezalar ve davalar d\u00fc\u015fecektir. <\/i><\/p>

Son olarak taahh\u00fcd\u00fc ihlal su\u00e7una ili\u015fkin davalarda g\u00f6revli mahkeme \u0130cra Ceza Mahkemeleri olup, yetkili mahkeme ise takibin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer \u0130cra Ceza Mahkemeleridir.<\/p>

Sonu\u00e7<\/b><\/p>

Netice itibariyle bir icra takibi ba\u011flam\u0131nda bor\u00e7lunun \u00f6deme taahh\u00fcd\u00fcnde bulunmak istemesi halinde gerek bor\u00e7lunun gerek alacakl\u0131n\u0131n haklar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda taksit s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinin haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem arz etmektedir. \u015e\u00f6yle ki taksit s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin t\u00fcm kalemleri ihtiva etmemesi halinde s\u00f6zle\u015fme ge\u00e7erli bir taahh\u00fct say\u0131lmayacakt\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden alacakl\u0131 bor\u00e7lu aleyhine taahh\u00fcd\u00fc ihlal su\u00e7undan \u015fikayette bulunsa dahi bir sonu\u00e7 elde edemeyecektir. Bu ba\u011flamda uygulamada her ne kadar bor\u00e7lu taahh\u00fcd\u00fc basit bir hukuki i\u015flem olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclse de birtak\u0131m uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klara sebep olabildi\u011finden i\u015fbu s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerin imzalanmas\u0131 noktas\u0131nda alan\u0131nda uzman avukatlardan yard\u0131m al\u0131nmas\u0131 yerinde olacakt\u0131r.<\/b><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Giri\u015f Bilindi\u011fi \u00fczere icra takibinde bor\u00e7lunun taahh\u00fcd\u00fc \u0130cra \u0130flas Kanunu\u2019nun Taksitle \u00d6deme ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 111.maddesinde \u201cBor\u00e7lu alacakl\u0131n\u0131n sat\u0131\u015f talebinden evvel borcunu muntazam taksitlerle \u00f6deme\u011fi taahh\u00fct eder ve birinci taksiti de derhal verirse icra muamelesi durur. \u015eu kadar ki bor\u00e7lunun kafi miktar mal\u0131 haczedilmi\u015f bulunmas\u0131 ve her taksitin borcun d\u00f6rtte biri miktar\u0131ndan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 olmamas\u0131 ve nihayet aydan […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1646","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-icra-ve-iflas-hukuku"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kokvekok.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1646","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kokvekok.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kokvekok.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kokvekok.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kokvekok.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1646"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kokvekok.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1646\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1650,"href":"https:\/\/kokvekok.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1646\/revisions\/1650"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kokvekok.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1646"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kokvekok.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1646"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kokvekok.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1646"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}