{"id":1223,"date":"2020-09-23T11:00:27","date_gmt":"2020-09-23T08:00:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kokvekok.com\/?p=1223"},"modified":"2020-09-23T11:01:09","modified_gmt":"2020-09-23T08:01:09","slug":"fsek-kapsamindaki-mali-haklar-ve-bu-haklarin-devri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kokvekok.com\/en\/fsek-kapsamindaki-mali-haklar-ve-bu-haklarin-devri\/","title":{"rendered":"FSEK Kapsam\u0131ndaki Mali Haklar ve Bu Haklar\u0131n Devri"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Fikir ve Sanat Eserleri Kanunu (FSEK) kapsam\u0131nda eser niteli\u011finde say\u0131lan ve sahibinin hususiyeti ta\u015f\u0131yan \u00f6zg\u00fcn fikri \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini yaratanlara birtak\u0131m mali ve manevi haklar tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f durumdad\u0131r. Bu do\u011frultuda, \u201cEser\u201d kavram\u0131, ilim ve edebiyat, musiki, g\u00fczel sanatlar ve sinema eserleri t\u00fcrlerinden birine dahil olan her \u00e7e\u015fit fikir ve sanat \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olarak ele al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r. FSEK m.13\u2019te ise, a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde eser sahiplerinin, eserleri \u00fczerindeki mali ve manevi haklar\u0131n\u0131n koruma alt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir. Eser \u00fczerinde sa\u011flanan koruma, eserin b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcne ve par\u00e7alar\u0131na \u015famil olup bu koruma ile \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filerce ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen hak ihlallerine kar\u015f\u0131 FSEK m.66 \u2013 70 h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine ve FSEK m.71 \u2013 75 h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine ba\u015fvurulabilecektir. Bu kapsamda mali haklar, \u201c\u0130\u015fleme Hakk\u0131\u201d, \u201c\u00c7o\u011faltma Hakk\u0131\u201d, \u201cYayma Hakk\u0131\u201d, \u201cTemsil, Yay\u0131n ve Umuma \u0130letim Hakk\u0131\u201d \u015feklinde iken; manevi haklar, \u201cUmuma Arz Hakk\u0131\u201d, \u201cAd\u0131n Belirtilmesi Hakk\u0131\u201d, \u201cEserde De\u011fi\u015fiklik Yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00d6nleme Hakk\u0131\u201d, \u201cEserin Asl\u0131na Ula\u015fma Hakk\u0131\u201d, \u201cSergileme Hakk\u0131\u201d ve \u201cEseri Tahrip Etmeyi \u00d6nleme Hakk\u0131\u201d \u015feklindedir. Bu haklardan manevi haklar sahibinin ki\u015fili\u011fine s\u0131k\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131ya ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fundan hukuki i\u015flemlere konu edilemez ve ancak \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filere bu haklar\u0131 kullanma yetkisi verilebilir. Bu nedenle, bu yaz\u0131 ile hukuki i\u015flemlere konu edilebilen mali haklar ve bu haklar\u0131n devri hususlar\u0131 ele al\u0131nacakt\u0131r.<\/p>

Mali Haklar<\/strong><\/p>

Mali haklar FSEK m.20 ve devam\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Bu haklar ile ilgili genel olarak, alenile\u015fmi\u015f olup olmamas\u0131na g\u00f6re ayr\u0131m yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, alenile\u015fmemi\u015f bir eserden faydalanma hakk\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcnhas\u0131ran eser sahibine ait oldu\u011fu ve alenile\u015fmi\u015f bir eserden faydalanma hakk\u0131n\u0131n FSEK\u2019te say\u0131lan mali haklar ile s\u0131n\u0131r oldu\u011fu belirtilmi\u015ftir. FSEK\u2019te mali haklar\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 say\u0131 ilkesine tabi oldu\u011fu ve bu haklardan biri \u00fczerinde tasarrufta bulunulmas\u0131n\u0131n di\u011ferlerini etkilemeyece\u011fi ifade edilmi\u015ftir. Bu do\u011frultuda mali haklar \u015fu \u015fekildedir:<\/p>

  1. \u0130\u015fleme Hakk\u0131<\/li><\/ol>

    FSEK m.21\u2019e g\u00f6re bir eseri i\u015fleme hakk\u0131 m\u00fcnhas\u0131r eser sahibine aittir. Ancak, \u015fahsi kullan\u0131m amac\u0131yla i\u015fleme bu h\u00fck\u00fcm kapsam\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndand\u0131r. Bu noktada, bir eser i\u015flendi\u011finde FSEK\u2019te belirtilen \u015fartlar\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yorsa, bir i\u015fleme eser ve i\u015fleme eser sahibi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131r. Bu i\u015fleme eserin, i\u015fleme eser sahibi taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in ise, i\u015flenen eser sahibinden izin al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekecektir. Hal b\u00f6yle iken, izinsiz \u015fekilde meydana getirilmi\u015f bir i\u015fleme eserin, kendisini meydana getiren taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayacakt\u0131r.\u00a0<\/p>

    1. \u00c7o\u011faltma Hakk\u0131<\/li><\/ol>

      \u00c7o\u011faltma Hakk\u0131 da m\u00fcnhas\u0131r eser sahibine aittir. FSEK m.22 h\u00fckm\u00fcnde \u00e7o\u011faltma \u00e7e\u015fitleri \u00f6rnek verme y\u00f6ntemiyle say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6re \u201cEserlerin asl\u0131ndan ikinci bir kopyas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 ya da eserin i\u015faret, ses ve g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc nakil ve tekrar\u0131na yarayan, bilinen ya da ileride geli\u015ftirilecek olan her t\u00fcrl\u00fc araca kay\u0131t edilmesi, her t\u00fcrl\u00fc ses ve m\u00fczik kay\u0131tlar\u0131 ile mimarl\u0131k eserlerine ait plan, proje ve krokilerin uygulanmas\u0131 da \u00e7o\u011faltma say\u0131l\u0131r<\/em>\u201d denilmektedir.<\/p>

      1. Yayma Hakk\u0131<\/li><\/ol>

        Yayma hakk\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyen FSEK m.23\u2019e g\u00f6re de yayma hakk\u0131 m\u00fcnhas\u0131ran eser sahibine aittir. Yayma i\u015flemi bir eserin asl\u0131n\u0131n veya \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f n\u00fcshalar\u0131n\u0131n, herhangi bir yolla piyasa s\u00fcr\u00fclmesidir. Yayma i\u015flemi sat\u0131\u015f, kiralama veya \u00f6d\u00fcn\u00e7 verme \u015feklinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilecektir. Yayma ile \u00e7o\u011faltma ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olup, yayma i\u015flemi genellikle \u00e7o\u011faltma i\u015fleminin akabinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmektedir. Eser, piyasaya s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc takdirde yayma eylemi ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f olur ve yaymadan \u00f6nce \u00e7o\u011faltma zorunlulu\u011fu bulunmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>

        1. Temsil, Yay\u0131n ve Umuma \u0130letim Hakk\u0131<\/li><\/ol>

          Temsil, yay\u0131n ve umuma iletim hakk\u0131 FSEK m.23 ve 24\u2019te i\u015flenmi\u015f olup FSEK m.23\u2019te temsil kavram\u0131 \u201cdo\u011frudan do\u011fruya yahut i\u015faret, ses veya resim nakline yarayan aletlerle umumi mahallerde okumak, \u00e7almak, oynamak ve g\u00f6stermek<\/em>\u201d gibi i\u015flemler olarak ele al\u0131n\u0131rken; yay\u0131n yolu ile umuma iletim kavram\u0131 \u201cBir eserin asl\u0131n\u0131 veya \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f n\u00fcshalar\u0131n\u0131, radyo-televizyon, uydu ve kablo gibi telli veya telsiz yay\u0131n yapan kurulu\u015flar vas\u0131tas\u0131yla veya dijital iletim de dahil olmak \u00fczere i\u015faret, ses ve\/veya g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc nakline yarayan ara\u00e7larla yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131 ve yay\u0131nlanan eserlerin bu kurulu\u015flar\u0131n yay\u0131nlar\u0131ndan al\u0131narak ba\u015fka yay\u0131n kurulu\u015flar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yeniden yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131<\/em>\u201d olarak ifade edilmi\u015ftir. Bu haklar da m\u00fcnhas\u0131ran eser sahibine aittir.<\/p>

          Mali Haklara Tan\u0131nan Koruma S\u00fcreleri<\/strong><\/p>

          Mali haklar i\u00e7in tan\u0131nan koruma s\u00fcresi eser sahibinin ya\u015fam\u0131 boyunca ve onun \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc takiben yetmi\u015f y\u0131l s\u00fcreyledir. \u00d6l\u00fcm halinde tarihlerin hesaplanmas\u0131 ise, \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi y\u0131ldan sonraki 1 Ocak tarihinden itibaren yetmi\u015f y\u0131l olacak \u015fekildedir. Koruma s\u00fcresi dolan eserlerin umumun kullan\u0131m\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131k hale gelece\u011fi d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir (FSEK m.46 h\u00fckm\u00fc istisnad\u0131r).<\/p>

          Mali Haklar\u0131n Devri ve Lisans<\/strong><\/p>

          Mali haklar\u0131n devri hususu FSEK\u2019in D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc olan \u201cS\u00f6zle\u015fme ve Tasarruflar\u201d alt\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Bu noktada kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za asli iktisap ve devren iktisap kavramlar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. FSEK m.48\u2019e g\u00f6re Asli \u0130ktisap, mali haklar\u0131n s\u00fcre, yer ve muhteva itibariyle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 veya s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z olarak, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k veya kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z olarak ba\u015fkalar\u0131na devredilmesidir. Devren iktisap ise, eser sahibi veya miras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131ndan mali hakk\u0131 iktisap eden ki\u015finin, bu haklar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fiye devretmesi veya lisans vermesi halinde s\u00f6z konusu olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>

          G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere, FSEK mali haklar\u0131n devri ile kullanma yetkisinin verilmesini birbirinden ay\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0 Kullanma yetkisinin di\u011fer bir kimseye b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131, lisans olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Yukar\u0131da belirtildi\u011fi \u00fczere, mali haklar birbirlerinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olup eser sahibinin bu haklar\u0131n her birini farkl\u0131 ki\u015filere devretmesi veya lisans vermesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>

          • Devir<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>

            Mali hakk\u0131n devredilmesi halinde, bu hak devredenin malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131r. Bu sebeple, devirden sonraki tasarruflar\u0131n ancak devralan taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Yine de, FSEK 49\/2 uyar\u0131nca devralan\u0131n bu haklar\u0131 ba\u015fkas\u0131na devretmesi i\u00e7in eser sahibinden veya onun miras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131ndan yaz\u0131l\u0131 izin almas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Di\u011fer taraftan mali hakk\u0131 devralan kimsenin, bu hakk\u0131 kullan\u0131rken eser sahibinin manevi haklar\u0131na riayet etmesi de gerekmektedir.<\/p>

            • Lisans<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>

              Lisans i\u015flemi ise, yukar\u0131da belirtildi\u011fi \u00fczere, yaln\u0131zca kullan\u0131m yetkilerini verdi\u011fi i\u00e7in mali haklar hak sahibinde kalmaya devam eder. Buna ek olarak, FSEK m.56\u2019da tam lisans ve basit lisans ayr\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Basit lisans s\u00f6z konusu ise, mali hak sahibi ba\u015fkalar\u0131na da basit lisanslar verebilir. Ancak tam lisans halinde hak sahibi ba\u015fkalar\u0131na basit veya tam lisans veremez. S\u00f6zle\u015fmede ayr\u0131ca belirtilmemi\u015fse tam lisans veren, art\u0131k hakk\u0131 kendisi de kullanamaz. Devirde oldu\u011fu gibi tam lisans veya basit lisans sahibinin lisanslar\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015fka kimselere devrinde de eser sahibinin izninin al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>

              • \u015eekil \u015eart\u0131<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>

                FSEK m.52 uyar\u0131nca, mali haklara ili\u015fkin s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerin ve tasarruflar\u0131n yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde olmas\u0131 ve konular\u0131 olan haklar\u0131 ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 g\u00f6stermeleri gerekmektedir.<\/p>

                Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>

                G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere, mali haklar FSEK kapsam\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 say\u0131da d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f olup bu haklar hukuki i\u015flemlere konu edilebilmekte ve ba\u015fka kimselere devredilebilmektedir. Kanun kapsam\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenen devir ve lisans kavramlar\u0131 birbirinden farkl\u0131d\u0131r ve devir ile mali hak eser sahibinin malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Ancak lisans a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan basit lisans ve tam lisans s\u00f6z konusu olup lisans verilmesi ile mali haklar eser sahibinde kalmaya devam etmektedir. Son olarak, mali haklara ili\u015fkin s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekle tabidir ve konu edindi\u011fi haklar\u0131n her birinin g\u00f6sterilmesi gerekmektedir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                Fikir ve Sanat Eserleri Kanunu (FSEK) kapsam\u0131nda eser niteli\u011finde say\u0131lan ve sahibinin hususiyeti ta\u015f\u0131yan \u00f6zg\u00fcn fikri \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini yaratanlara birtak\u0131m mali ve manevi haklar tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f durumdad\u0131r. Bu do\u011frultuda, \u201cEser\u201d kavram\u0131, ilim ve edebiyat, musiki, g\u00fczel sanatlar ve sinema eserleri t\u00fcrlerinden birine dahil olan her \u00e7e\u015fit fikir ve sanat \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olarak ele al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r. FSEK m.13\u2019te ise, a\u00e7\u0131k […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1223","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fikri-ve-sinai-mulkiyet-hukuku"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kokvekok.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1223","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kokvekok.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kokvekok.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kokvekok.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kokvekok.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1223"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/kokvekok.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1223\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1225,"href":"https:\/\/kokvekok.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1223\/revisions\/1225"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kokvekok.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1223"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kokvekok.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1223"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kokvekok.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1223"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}